The Influence of Adopting TWIN Modality Conducted by Al-Amal Microfinance Bank (AMB) and Al-Amal Foundation (Reyadah) on Boosting Economic Inclusion in Yemen

This study investigates the influence of the Two-Wing Integrated Nexus (TWIN) modality, implemented by Al-Amal Microfinance Bank (AMB) and Reyadah, on economic inclusion in Yemen. Recognizing that financial services alone are insufficient for lasting economic empowerment, AMB introduced the TWIN modality in 2013, integrating financial products with non-financial services like training and capacity building. Despite its potential, the full impact of this approach remained largely unmeasured. This research addresses this gap by assessing the effectiveness of the TWIN modality in improving financial literacy, business sustainability, and income generation among low-income populations, while also identifying challenges to its scalability. The study specifically explores its influence on enhancing financial access and entrepreneurial sustainability, and its impact on fostering long-term economic participation and business resilience in Yemen.