Paper

The Supervision of Credit Intermediation Undertaken by Non-Banks

Non-bank lenders are increasingly providing more private credit in emerging market and developing economies (EMDEs), which introduces new risks and supervisory challenges.

This Toronto Centre Note brings together the winning essays and contributions from our 2025 competition, and discusses the supervisory and policy responses to mitigate those private credit-related risks. Using practical examples from the Dominican Republic, Ghana, Nepal, and Tunisia, the Note provides insights and guidance on how to effectively supervise non-bank lenders.

About this Publication

By Enmanuel Cedeño-Brea, Ghofran Harrabi, Abhiyan Upadhyay, Joseph Kofi Asamoah
Published