This report aims to guide regulators and central banks in adopting ecosystem-based data collection approaches, offering practical insights and a standardized taxonomy for enhanced decision-making, supervision, and the pursuit of financial inclusion goals.

This working paper examines the impact of the revised Payment Services Directive and open banking platforms on inclusive finance in the EU, with a focus on the Netherlands' fintech ecosystem.

This Note describes some of the uses of artificial intelligence and machine learning by financial institutions; considers the supervisory responses to such uses; and highlights some ways in which supervisory authorities can themselves use AI and ML to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of supervision.

This paper analyzes how governments can leverage rapid expansion of fintech activities to drive financial inclusion in the region.

This study argues that adequate regulation is vital to delivering big data and machine learning's promises in financial services while ensuring fairness and public interest.

Assessing how central banks and other financial regulators are responding to the challenges of COVID-19