This study illustrates how digitalization can improve financial inclusion, customer experience, and operational efficiency for low-income populations and financial institutions.

Based on 3,822 (majority women) VSLA member interviews, this brief represents quantitative data from Burundi, Colombia, Côte d’Ivoire, Ethiopia, Mali, Niger, and Vietnam.

MSC conducted qualitative research in Kenya, Ghana and Togo and found that Indigenous Financial Services (IFS), such as rotating savings and credit associations (ROSCAs), informal moneylenders and burial societies play a critical role in driving access to finance for micro and small enterprises (MSEs).

This publication presents the main results of MFI client surveys in seven countries (Bhutan, Myanmar, Rwanda, Senegal, Togo, Cape Verde and El Salvador), as well as the concrete measures taken by MFIs to meet the needs expressed by their clients.