Exploring the market-level modularization of financial services through case studies featuring new models that are emerging, how they are coming about, and what they mean for the financial inclusion of low-income people in emerging markets and developing economies.

This note presents the innovation drivers and competencies as key to developing innovative financial services that meet customer needs.

This report discusses the challenges and bottlenecks preventing the wider adoption of digital ID and e-KYC to advance the financial inclusion of forcibly displaced persons in Rwanda, Mauritania, and Eswatini.

This slide deck presents research findings estimating the size of the medium and small enterprise and low-income credit markets in Kenya, and assesses the potential of fintech firms to meet the needs of those markets.

This Focus Note advocates the importance of a segmented approach to addressing micro and small enterprises (MSE) needs and focuses on MSEs with up to 20 employees.

Given the urgency of digital transformation to build an inclusive recovery, this paper provides timely insights into how to enable supply chain finance models in three African countries.

This Note describes some of the uses of artificial intelligence and machine learning by financial institutions; considers the supervisory responses to such uses; and highlights some ways in which supervisory authorities can themselves use AI and ML to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of supervision.

This paper highlights three different business models, including key revenues and costs drivers, to help understand the market potential of various low-income segments.

This publication is the world’s first microfinance social performance report grounded in customer voices, featuring 72 microfinance organizations that serve a total of 25 million clients in 41 countries across the globe.

This slide deck presents the findings of research commissioned by CGAP as part of its work on empowering market conduct authorities and other stakeholders to monitor consumer risks and elevating collective consumers’ voice.